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    <title>UTas ePrints - A review of the molecular evidence for ballast water introduction of the toxic dinoflagellates Gymnodinium catenatum and the Alexandrium tamarensis complex to Australasia</title>
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    <meta content="Bolch, Christopher J.S." name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="de Salas, Miguel F." name="eprints.creators_name" />
<meta content="chris.bolch@utas.edu.au" name="eprints.creators_id" />
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<meta content="2007-05-31" name="eprints.datestamp" />
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<meta content="A review of the molecular evidence for ballast water introduction
of the toxic dinoflagellates Gymnodinium catenatum and the
Alexandrium tamarensis complex to Australasia" name="eprints.title" />
<meta content="pub" name="eprints.ispublished" />
<meta content="270404" name="eprints.subjects" />
<meta content="270709" name="eprints.subjects" />
<meta content="restricted" name="eprints.full_text_status" />
<meta content="Harmful algae; Dinoflagellate; Alexandrium; Gymnodinium catenatum; Ballast water; RAPD-PCR; rDNA; ITS; Single nucleotide
polymorphism; Global dispersal; Evolution; Palaeogeography" name="eprints.keywords" />
<meta content="The definitive version is available online at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/15689883" name="eprints.note" />
<meta content="The potential of ballast water to act as a major introduction vector for toxic dinoflagellates and other phytoplankton is beyond
doubt; however, evidence that links the suspected introduced species with a source population is less convincing, especially without
supporting historical and biochemical data, or consideration of palaeobiogeographical scenarios that may explain current species
distributions. This paper presents new molecular data based on LSU-rDNA and rDNA-ITS sequences that demonstrate an
unequivocal and recent link between Temperate Asian and Australasian populations of the toxic dinoflagellates Gymnodinium
catenatum and toxic strains of the Alexandrium &quot;tamarensis complex&quot;?. We integrate our data with supporting evidence from
historical distribution records, sediment dating studies, toxin profiles, mating studies and previous molecular studies. We contrast
the observed patterns of genetic and biochemical variation with those expected from various palaeobiogeographical scenarios
explaining the evolution and natural dispersal of both species. While definitive proof is impossible, the total evidence indicates that
these toxic dinoflagellates were introduced to Australasia during the past 100 years, most probably via ballast water from bulk-cargo
shipping from Japan and/or south-east Asia" name="eprints.abstract" />
<meta content="2007-08" name="eprints.date" />
<meta content="published" name="eprints.date_type" />
<meta content="Harmful Algae" name="eprints.publication" />
<meta content="6" name="eprints.volume" />
<meta content="4" name="eprints.number" />
<meta content="465-485" name="eprints.pagerange" />
<meta content="10.1016/j.hal.2006.12.008" name="eprints.id_number" />
<meta content="UNSPECIFIED" name="eprints.thesis_type" />
<meta content="TRUE" name="eprints.refereed" />
<meta content="1568-9883" name="eprints.issn" />
<meta content="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2006.12.008" name="eprints.official_url" />
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<meta content="Bolch, Christopher J.S. and de Salas, Miguel F. (2007) A review of the molecular evidence for ballast water introduction of the toxic dinoflagellates Gymnodinium catenatum and the Alexandrium tamarensis complex to Australasia. Harmful Algae, 6 (4). pp. 465-485. ISSN 1568-9883" name="eprints.citation" />
<meta content="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1117/1/Bolch%26deSalas07.pdf" name="eprints.document_url" />
<link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" />
<meta content="A review of the molecular evidence for ballast water introduction
of the toxic dinoflagellates Gymnodinium catenatum and the
Alexandrium tamarensis complex to Australasia" name="DC.title" />
<meta content="Bolch, Christopher J.S." name="DC.creator" />
<meta content="de Salas, Miguel F." name="DC.creator" />
<meta content="270404 Phycology" name="DC.subject" />
<meta content="270709 Biogeography" name="DC.subject" />
<meta content="The potential of ballast water to act as a major introduction vector for toxic dinoflagellates and other phytoplankton is beyond
doubt; however, evidence that links the suspected introduced species with a source population is less convincing, especially without
supporting historical and biochemical data, or consideration of palaeobiogeographical scenarios that may explain current species
distributions. This paper presents new molecular data based on LSU-rDNA and rDNA-ITS sequences that demonstrate an
unequivocal and recent link between Temperate Asian and Australasian populations of the toxic dinoflagellates Gymnodinium
catenatum and toxic strains of the Alexandrium &quot;tamarensis complex&quot;?. We integrate our data with supporting evidence from
historical distribution records, sediment dating studies, toxin profiles, mating studies and previous molecular studies. We contrast
the observed patterns of genetic and biochemical variation with those expected from various palaeobiogeographical scenarios
explaining the evolution and natural dispersal of both species. While definitive proof is impossible, the total evidence indicates that
these toxic dinoflagellates were introduced to Australasia during the past 100 years, most probably via ballast water from bulk-cargo
shipping from Japan and/or south-east Asia" name="DC.description" />
<meta content="2007-08" name="DC.date" />
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<meta content="Bolch, Christopher J.S. and de Salas, Miguel F. (2007) A review of the molecular evidence for ballast water introduction of the toxic dinoflagellates Gymnodinium catenatum and the Alexandrium tamarensis complex to Australasia. Harmful Algae, 6 (4). pp. 465-485. ISSN 1568-9883" name="DC.identifier" />
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    <h1 class="ep_tm_pagetitle">A review of the molecular evidence for ballast water introduction of the toxic dinoflagellates Gymnodinium catenatum and the Alexandrium tamarensis complex to Australasia</h1>
    <p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><span class="person_name">Bolch, Christopher J.S.</span> and <span class="person_name">de Salas, Miguel F.</span> (2007) <xhtml:em>A review of the molecular evidence for ballast water introduction of the toxic dinoflagellates Gymnodinium catenatum and the Alexandrium tamarensis complex to Australasia.</xhtml:em> Harmful Algae, 6 (4). pp. 465-485. ISSN 1568-9883</p><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"></p><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block"><tr><td valign="top" style="text-align:center"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1117/1/Bolch%26deSalas07.pdf"><img alt="[img]" src="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png" border="0" class="ep_doc_icon" /></a></td><td valign="top"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/1117/1/Bolch%26deSalas07.pdf"><span class="ep_document_citation">PDF (Author's personal copy)</span></a> - Full text restricted - Requires a PDF viewer<br />1015Kb</td><td><form method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" action="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/request_doc"><input value="1394" name="docid" accept-charset="utf-8" type="hidden" /><div class=""><input value="Request a copy" name="_action_null" class="ep_form_action_button" onclick="return EPJS_button_pushed( '_action_null' )" type="submit" /> </div></form></td></tr></table><p style="margin-bottom: 1em" class="not_ep_block">Official URL: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2006.12.008">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2006.12.008</a></p><div class="not_ep_block"><h2>Abstract</h2><p style="padding-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 0em auto">The potential of ballast water to act as a major introduction vector for toxic dinoflagellates and other phytoplankton is beyond&#13;
doubt; however, evidence that links the suspected introduced species with a source population is less convincing, especially without&#13;
supporting historical and biochemical data, or consideration of palaeobiogeographical scenarios that may explain current species&#13;
distributions. This paper presents new molecular data based on LSU-rDNA and rDNA-ITS sequences that demonstrate an&#13;
unequivocal and recent link between Temperate Asian and Australasian populations of the toxic dinoflagellates Gymnodinium&#13;
catenatum and toxic strains of the Alexandrium "tamarensis complex"?. We integrate our data with supporting evidence from&#13;
historical distribution records, sediment dating studies, toxin profiles, mating studies and previous molecular studies. We contrast&#13;
the observed patterns of genetic and biochemical variation with those expected from various palaeobiogeographical scenarios&#13;
explaining the evolution and natural dispersal of both species. While definitive proof is impossible, the total evidence indicates that&#13;
these toxic dinoflagellates were introduced to Australasia during the past 100 years, most probably via ballast water from bulk-cargo&#13;
shipping from Japan and/or south-east Asia</p></div><table style="margin-bottom: 1em" border="0" cellpadding="3" class="not_ep_block"><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Item Type:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Article</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Additional Information:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">The definitive version is available online at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/15689883</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Keywords:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">Harmful algae; Dinoflagellate; Alexandrium; Gymnodinium catenatum; Ballast water; RAPD-PCR; rDNA; ITS; Single nucleotide&#13;
polymorphism; Global dispersal; Evolution; Palaeogeography</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Subjects:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/270404.html">270000 Biological Sciences &gt; 270400 Botany &gt; 270404 Phycology</a><br /><a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/subjects/270709.html">270000 Biological Sciences &gt; 270700 Ecology and Evolution &gt; 270709 Biogeography</a></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Collections:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">UNSPECIFIED</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ID Code:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">1117</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited By:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><span class="ep_name_citation"><span class="person_name">Dr Christopher J.S. Bolch</span></span></td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Deposited On:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">31 May 2007</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">Last Modified:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row">11 Feb 2008 11:32</td></tr><tr><th valign="top" class="ep_row">ePrint Statistics:</th><td valign="top" class="ep_row"><a target="ePrintStats" href="/es/index.php?action=show_detail_eprint;id=1117;">View statistics for this ePrint</a></td></tr></table><p align="right">Repository Staff Only: <a href="http://eprints.utas.edu.au/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&amp;eprintid=1117">item control page</a></p>
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